The eighth amendment protects against unreasonable search and seizure. self-incrimination. cruel and unusual punishment. eminent domain.

cruel and unusual punishment.

The Eight Amendment of the United States Constitution prohibits the government from imposing excessive bail, fines, or cruel and unusual punishment. Moreover, the Supreme Court has ruled that the "cruel and unusual punishment" clause also applies to the states.

The text of the amendment is the following:

"Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted."

2018 means 2018 ce or common era

there have been other eras too including bce, which included way more years.