Which clause in section 1 of the fourteenth amendment has been divided into substantive and procedural?

The correct answer is: "the Due Process Clause"

The Due Process Clause was introduced in the 14th Amendment to make the Bill or Rights enforceable at the state level and to transform the administration of justice in an institution that protects all US citizens equally. It prohibits state and goverment officials, to deprive any person of its life, liberty or property without obtaining an specific legislative authorization first.

The Supreme Court has subsequently interpreted that this clause provides four types of protections: procedural due process (for civil and criminal cases), substantive due process, against vague laws, and because it constitutes a vehicle for the incorporation of the Bill of Rights.

the roman army grew in size and became dominant in the mediterranean region.

the government paid religious orders to provide basic education to native american children on reservations. in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the bureau of indian affairs (bia) founded additional boarding schools based on the assimilation model of the off-reservation carlisle indian industrial school.