How did a tradition of absolute rule develop in russia

How did nationalism motivate italy's unification? the italian people wanted to return to a pre-napoleon ancien régime. the italian people wanted a republic nation free from austrian rule. the italian people wanted to instigate industrialization in italy. the italian people wanted to lead europe into the modern age.

The second continental congress: a. made provisions for a continental army with george washington as commander-in-chief b. adopted a “declaration of causes of necessity of taking up arms” c. endorsed the olive branch petition d. all of the above

Explain why american modernist writers might have perceived the world as chaotic in the early part of the 20th century. should be at least 250 words.