In the years following world war ii, the united states established a policy of containment to a) keep the countries of eastern europe from becoming communist. b) ensure that communism was contained to the soviet union only. c) eliminate all communist governments throughout the world. d) prevent the spread of communism outside of eastern europe.

in mcculloch v. maryland (1819) the supreme court ruled that congress had implied powers under the necessary and proper clause of article i, section 8 of the constitution to create the second bank of the united states and that the state of maryland lacked the power to tax the bank.

gibbons v. ogden, (1824), was a landmark decision in which the supreme court of the united states held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, granted to congress by the commerce clause of the united states constitution, encompassed the power to regulate navigation.