Why did the dutch replace the portuguese as the main european power in indian ocean?

The internal combustion engine was an innovation of

The idea of manifest destiny simply stated it was america's destiny to expand from the atlantic ocean to the pacific. the word "destiny" implies an idea that it was within our rights as a nation to expand. in a paragraph of 125+ words, explain what could be wrong with that idea.

Which of these is an edge city? boston, ma chicago, il irvine, ca detroit, mi