Why did independent city-states emerge in ancient Greece?

The physical topography of the Mediterranean area is most likely responsible for the development of Greek city-states. The environment is characterized by rugged, steep terrain and a large number of islands. As a result of these physical obstacles, population centers were geographically separated from one another. The sea was often the most convenient mode of transportation from one location to another.

Explanation:

Hope this helps! (Can I have a )

answer: this problem has only trivial solutions, with all points on the same line. x=5 or x=7/5.

step-by-step explanation:

there are three triangles, and three unknowns: x, y=length of middle segment, and z=cos(angles marked with red arc).

we need

and law of cosines,

the three equations are

see attached image for solution.

montesquieu took the view that the roman republic had powers separated so that no one could usurp complete power. in the british constitutional system, montesquieu discerned a separation of powers among the monarch, parliament, and the courts of law.