How did events like the English civil war affect conditions described in the excerpt?

the right answer is the third one: turnpikes went short distances to connect markets. turnpikes, also known as toll roads, were very important for trade and transportation (of people, goods and products) in the 19th century, coinciding with the expansion towards the west. they contributed significantly to the economic development of the united states.

companies passed on production and transportation costs to consumers

i think the answer is c