What were Abolitionists of the early 1800s influenced by

Frederick Douglass' powerful speeches and his publication of the North Star

Unlike previous efforts, the abolitionist movement began as a more organized, radical, and urgent endeavor to eliminate slavery. Around 1830, it became a legal entity. Historians think that beliefs expressed during the Second Great Awakening religious movement influenced abolitionists to fight slavery.

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affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts

freedom of speech is also protected by the 1 amendment.

explanation:

here is pretty much what the 1st amendment says:

congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.