Which is the most common value cited by the authors to justify the creation and preservation of the nineteenth-century nation-state

Freedom and liberty were the most common values cited by the authors to justify the creation and preservation of the nineteenth-century nation-state.

The Nation-State in the Mid-Nineteenth Century

Which is the most common value cited by the authors to justify the creation and preservation of the nineteenth-century nation-state?  

a.National prosperity

b.Uniformity in systems of work

c.Uniformity of language and laws

d.Freedom and liberty

What similarity exists in the speeches of Lincoln and the Declaration of the German Empire?  

aEach is concerned with the issue of slave versus free labor.

b.Each references the need for constitutions and religious unity.

c.Each references the experience of war and the need for unity.

d.Each references the expansion of government as part of the nation-building effort.

Who appears most critical of the centralizing accomplishments of the nation-state in these years?

a.Lincoln

b.Mazzini

c.Renan

d.Proudhon

Which commentators present positions most at odds with each other?  

a.Proudhon and Renan

b.Acton and Lincoln

c.Renan and Mazzini

d.Lincoln and Mazzini

What sets Mazzini's position apart from the others?  

a.He is a firm believer in democracy.

b.He speaks for a disunited population.

c.He opposes French and English nation building.

d.He represents the interests of wealthy aristocrats.

Explanation:

take five to 10 minutes to warm up and cool down properly.

plan to start slowly and boost your activity level gradually unless you are already exercising frequently and vigorously.

be aware that training too hard or too often can cause overuse injuries like stress fractures, stiff or sore joints and muscles, and inflamed tendons and ligaments. sports prompting repetitive wear and tear on certain parts of your body — such as swimming (shoulders), jogging (knees, ankles, and feet), tennis (elbows) — are often overuse culprits, too. a mix of different kinds of activities and sufficient rest is safer.

listen to your body. hold off on exercise when you're sick or feeling very fatigued. cut back if you cannot finish an exercise session, feel faint after exercise or fatigued during the day, or suffer persistent aches and pains in joints after exercising.

if you stop exercising for a while, drop back to a lower level of exercise initially. if you're doing strength training, for example, lift lighter weights or do fewer reps or sets.

for most people, simply drinking plenty of water is sufficient. but if you're working out especially hard or doing a marathon or triathlon, choose drinks that replace fluids plus essential electrolytes.

choose clothes and shoes designed for your type of exercise. replace shoes every six months as cushioning wears out.

for strength training, good form is essential. initially use no weight, or very light weights, when learning the exercises. never sacrifice good form by hurrying to finish reps or sets, or struggling to lift heavier weights.

exercising vigorously in hot, humid conditions can lead to serious overheating and dehydration. slow your pace when the temperature rises above 70°f. on days when the thermometer is expected to reach 80°f, exercise during cooler morning or evening hours or at an air-conditioned gym. watch for signs of overheating, such as headache, dizziness, nausea, faintness, cramps, or palpitations.

dress properly for cold-weather workouts to avoid hypothermia. depending on the temperature, wear layers you can peel off as you warm up. don't forget gloves.