President Nixon and Secretary of State Kissinger successfully pressured the Soviet Union into making diplomatic deals with the US by a. playing the China card by opening US diplomacy and trade with the Soviets' rival communist power
b. using American economic aid as an incentive for the Soviets
c. threatening to attack Soviet allies such as Cuba and Vietnam
d. drastically increasing spending on nuclear weapons and missiles
e. building an anti-ballistic missile system that effectively neutralized the Soviet nuclear threat

HERE IT IS

“the battle of stalingrad is not a turning point necessarily in strategic terms, because a lot more has to be done before the soviets can be certain of defeating germany,” says renowned world war ii historian richard overy. the germans had fought nearly a thousand miles across the soviet union to get to stalingrad.

the crusades are one of the most significant events in the history of europe and the middle east.   they were a series of religious wars carried out by christian crusaders from europe during the timeframe of the middle ages.   beginning in 1095 ce, the crusades saw european knights and noblemen travel to the middle east in an attempt to capture the holy land away from muslim people that had controlled the region for the previous centuries.   the term crusade means ‘cross’.   therefore, the europeans that became crusaders viewed themselves as ‘taking up the cross’.   in fact, many of the crusaders wore crosses on their clothing and armor as they made their pilgrimage to the holy land.

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