How did the Europeans gain, maintain and consolidate their power in Africa?

Which did president carter refuse to do in his attempt to free american hostages taken by iran?

From the soviet point of view, which reagan policy most threatened to create a new arms race? a. strategic defense initiative b. u.s. support for israel c. aid to the anti-soviet rebels in afghanistan d. iran-contra scandal

¿why was jackson opposed to the bank? a short answer*