Renaissance - Humanism was a way of thinking that challenged the Catholic Church's authority of Europe by encouraging people to

albuquerque's conquest of malacca ranks second in importance among his great. the trade of malacca with india is said by the portuguese chroniclers to have out of their hands, cairo and mecca will be entirely ruined, and to venice will no which had a great effect upon the minds of the chinese ministers

the western roman empire flourished, but the eastern portion of the empire struggled.

the spanish  

hope this meaning spain btw