Compare and Contrast In 1803, President Madison refused to deliver the previous President's commission of William Marbury as a Justice of the Peace. In
the 1803 Marbury v. Madison ruling, the Supreme Court asserted its power by
upholding the concept of judicial review, the power of the Court to interpret the
constitutionality of a law or act of government. Although the court ruled
unanimously against Madison, it also claimed it did not have the power to enforce
its ruling. Compare and contrast the conflict between the Supreme Court and
executive branch in this event and President Roosevelt's attempt to pack the
Supreme Court.

the captain of a steam ship naturally chooses the shortest route to his destination. since a sailing ship is usually pushed by winds and currents, its captain must find a route where the wind will probably blow in the right direction. tacking, i.e. using contrary wind to pull (sic) the sails, was always possible but wasted time because of the zigzagging required, and this would significantly delay long voyages. the early european explorers were not only looking for new lands. they also had to discover the pattern of winds and currents that would carry them where they wanted to go. during the age of sail winds and currents determined trade routes and therefore influenced european imperialism and modern political geography. for an outline to the main wind systems see global wind patterns.

pilotage or cabotage, in one sense, is the art of sailing along the coast using known landmarks. navigation, in one sense, is the art of sailing long distances out of sight of land.[1] although the polynesians were able to sail the pacific (with great difficulty) and people regularly sailed north and south across the mediterranean, before the time of columbus nearly all sailing was coastal pilotage

        it is some were in here? ///

a. favoring native born americans over immigrants.

i'm not certain but i'm pretty sure it was spanish and portuguese america.