13. Describe the "necessary & proper clause"​

Explanation:

Necessary and Proper Clause

The Necessary and Proper clause of the U.S. Constitution provides Congress the power to fulfill its legal powers.

Also known as the "elastic clause," it was written into the Constitution in 1787.

The first Supreme Court case against the clause was in 1819 when Maryland objected to Alexander Hamilton's formation of a National Bank.

The Necessary and Proper clause has been used in cases about many things, including challenges about Obamacare, legalizing marijuana, and collective bargaining.

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the right answer is the third one: turnpikes went short distances to connect markets. turnpikes, also known as toll roads, were very important for trade and transportation (of people, goods and products) in the 19th century, coinciding with the expansion towards the west. they contributed significantly to the economic development of the united states.