The Byzantine Emperor Justinian I was driven to A. reorganize the Byzantine army and government.
B. reconquer the old Roman Empire.
C. restore polytheism in the Empire.
D. beat back an invasion by the Huns.

the federalist party which advocated strong centralization dominated the united states government till 1800. so 1800 election transformed the power from one party to another party for the first time and was thus a turning point in american history. so jefferson called it "revolution of 1800".

explanation:

the industrial revolution pushed the world into modern industrialization. it changed the course of history profoundly. it caused rapid urbanization and pushed cities and countries into development. the industrial revolution began in great britain with a series with new inventions which led to the creation of machines and mass production.

this caused the country to gain wealth and money and become an international superpower. it improved transportation and manufacturing inside the country, pushed people to live in urban areas and britain to become the most powerful nation in the world for a while.

to replace ineffective because   andrew jackson's spoil system was a deliberate policy after he became president to remove federal employees he considered to be political opponents and replace them with his own supporters.