11. During the 19th century, the powerful nations of Europe "carved up" Africa into colonies and territories. Before colonization, how were the borders in Africa established? -Borders were formed by rivers, mountains and other geographic features.
-Borders were determined by allegiance to a central leader or a community.
-Borders were maintained by military leaders who worked to separate religious groups.
-Borders generally did not exist before the colonization of Africa.

in contrast, the biological controls are self-sustaining, inexpensive and very effective once established. biological control could be used on thousands of golf course acres, improving their biodiversity and quality as wildlife habitat. in the process, the golf industry will be shown to be leaders in an environmental stewardship program of benefit not only to the lands they manage but also to the watersheds in which they exist.

an interest group is an organization whose members share common concerns, and try to influence government policies that impact those concerns. elected officials frequently complain about the influence of "special interests" on american politics.