What empire once stood as the largest Islamic empire in both Europe and across Asia Minor? Who did they first begin losing land to?

Umayyad Caliphate was the largest Islamic empire. They began losing to Abbasids.

Explanation:

The Ottoman empire once stood as the largest Islamic empire in both Europe and across Asia Minor. The first started to lose land to Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro and Serbia in the Balkan wars.

Explanation:

result of the incas claiming exclusive right over numerous traditional routes, some of which had been constructed centuries earlier mostly by the wari empire