Explain how power is distributed in the procedure to pass laws

The power is distributed mostly among the legislative and the judicial branch. The legislative one proposes a new law and votes. If the president doesn't veto it, the law becomes official when voted for. If the president vetoes it then the congress can override the veto. When that's done, the supreme court decides whether or not the law is constitutional. If it is it becomes a law, if it isn't then it is abolished.

Every statement this is because of the same law