Document 2
… though much of what the mongols wrought [brought about] on their westward march was
destructive, some benefits were reaped from their forays [raids] into europe and conquests in
muslim areas. by example, they taught new ways of making war and impressed on their turkic
and european enemies the effectiveness of gunpowder.
as we have seen, mongol conquests facilitated [aided] trade between the civilizations at each
end of eurasia, making possible the exchange of foods, tools, and ideas on an unprecedented
scale. the revived trade routes brought great wealth to traders such as those from north italy,
who set up outposts in the eastern mediterranean, along the black sea coast, and as far east
as the caspian sea. because the establishment of these trading empires by the venetians and
genoese provided precedents [examples] for the later drives for overseas expansion by
peoples such as the portuguese and english, they are of special significance in global
history.…
source: robert guisepi, “the last great nomadic challenges – from chinggis khan to timur,”
the mongols, international world history project online
according to robert guisepi, what was one change that resulted from the interaction between europeans
and mongols? [1]