Thomas jefferson on shays’ rebellion
source: thomas jefferson was in france during shays’ rebellion, but he wrote a letter to a friend about it. the british ministry have so long hired their gazetteers to repeat, and model into every form, lies about our being in anarchy, that the world has at length believed them, the english nation has believed them, the ministers themselves have come to believe them, and what is more wonderful, we have believed them ourselves. yet where does this anarchy exist? where did it ever exist, except in the single instance of massachusetts? and can history produce an instance of rebellion so honorably conducted? i say nothing of its motives. they were founded in ignorance, not wickedness. god forbid we should ever be twenty years without such a what country before, ever existed a century and a half without a rebellion ? and what country can preserve its liberties, if its rulers are not warned from time to time, that this people preserve the spirit of resistance ? let them take arms. the remedy is to set them right as to facts, pardon and pacify the tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time, with the blood of patriots and tyrants. it is its natural manure. our convention has been too much impressed by the insurrection of massachusetts; and on the spur of the moment, they are setting up a kite to keep the hen yard in order.
questions:
1. sourcing: who wrote this document? what else do you know about his views on a strong central government?
2. contextualization: according to jefferson, have the colonies been peaceful or chaotic? support your answer with evidence from the document.
3. close reading: what does jefferson mean when he says “the tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants? ”

The 18th amendment banned the selling of alcohol and contributed to organized crime. true or false

In ohio in 1872, the cleveland massacre was a)a violent labor dispute at standard oil refineries in cleveland. b)a takeover by standard oil of the refineries in cleveland. c)an attempt to stop standard oil from becoming a monopoly. d)a failed attempt by standard oil to take over other refineries.

Plz me asap. upon arrival of european powers on american soil, a quick end came to many native populations. numbers were devastated the longer europeans were present. many empires such as the aztec and inca were taken by force. the natives’ weapons of arrows and rocks were no match for gunpowder, steel swords, and horses. yet even after hostile takeovers, the native americans continued to suffer in numerous ways. according to las casas, the harshness of the encomienda system took many native lives. examples of such harshness included beatings by colonists and exhaustion caused by never-ending labor. natives were forced into slave labor in order to process colonists’ crops such as sugar cane and tobacco. these crops were referred to as “cash crops”. cash crops are crops grown not for sustenance but because they are extremely profitable. the colonies would have natives tend to these crops and they would then be exported to other european nations for high prices in order to make manufactured or processed goods. native slaves were worked for long hours in extremely hot temperatures with very little food, water, or breaks. they suffered savage beatings for working too slow and some were killed for refusal to work due to their exhaustion. poor health is another struggle natives faced upon european colonization. many natives died from hunger once colonists started to take their land. colonists’ cattle trampled native crops such as corn and squash. but possibly the most devastating factor in declining native populations were the diseases brought by europeans and against which the native people had no immunity. these included smallpox, typhus, chicken pox, mumps, and measles. hundreds upon thousands of natives fell to such diseases. entire villages were wiped out in mere days of the first symptom. native cities throughout the americas became desolate from the fast spread of disease. native american empires such as the aztec and the inca fell to the spanish and portuguese in the 1500s. the aztec alone had between sixteen and eighteen million people under their rule before europeans landed on the continent. why were these empires unable to fight the inevitable take over of european powers? use evidence from the text to support your answer.