1. productivity a craftsperson 2. tariff ability to read and write 3. literacy a tax on imported goods 4. artisan producing or tending to produce goods and services having exchange value

the word that best sums up the tone of the newspaper regarding the treaty of versailles is resentful.

1. it was caused by feudalism

2. charlemagne used christianity as a major cornerstone for his rule. cloisters were built all over the empire to act as centers for the (re)population of the vast european wilderness.

3. the europeans feared the next raid every time chetak

i'm not so sure about #6. but i hope i you with the first 3.