Which of the following was an effect of deng xiaoping's leadership?
a. enforcement of a communist economic approach increased.
b. the production and number of backyard furnaces increased.
c. tensions between china and the united states increased.
d. trade relations between china and other nations increased.

D.Trade relations between China and other nations increased.

Explanation:

Deng Xiaoping was a Chinese politician, leader of the People's Republic of China from 1978 until the last years of his life. Under his leadership, the People's Republic of China undertook the economic reforms of liberalization of the socialist economy that allowed this country to reach impressive levels of economic growth. Faced with these successes in the economy, Deng exercised a power of marked authoritarian character, and his role was decisive in the violent repression of the protests of Tian'anmen Square in 1989.

for starters, there is the structural trend of rising primary government expenditure as a share of gdp, which reached 36% in 2014, up from 22% in 1991. this increase reflected a political desire to address the poverty and inequality that had gone unaddressed during previous decades. to support the increase, brazil’s government increased taxes on consumption and promoted progress toward labor-market formalization. nonetheless, public investment, particularly in infrastructure, took a hit. in fact, with the exception of the 2005-2008 period, total investment as a share of gdp has remained below 20% since 1991.

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