How did the crusades contribute to the end of europe's medieval period?
a. the crusades made many europeans question the authority of the protestant church.
b. the crusades reduced europe's workforce, making it harder for lords to find laborers.
c. the crusades increased the power of the catholic church, which weakened the power of individual kings.
d. the crusades caused nobles to feel a religious obligation to end feudalism and manorialism.

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts