The idea that industrialized nations' exploitation of nonindustrialized nations' resources created dependency and an inability to develop resources on the parts of nonindustrialized nations is known as

That idea is known as underdevelopment and dependence.

Explanation:

The situation of underdevelopment is not just the factor that results from economic factors; It is a set of economic and non-economic elements, external and internal to the country, that impede development. The economic policies of underdeveloped countries have very narrow margins of maneuver. Its limitations are explained by the dependence, that is, the commercial dependence of developed countries, in which they carry out protectionist practices against the products of these underdeveloped countries; the technological dependence of an external model, designed for the huge industrial groups; the financial dependence of an external monetary and financial system, mainly in the hands of the main industrialized countries.

to replace ineffective because   andrew jackson's spoil system was a deliberate policy after he became president to remove federal employees he considered to be political opponents and replace them with his own supporters.