Read these words from the first amendment to the constitution.

congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.

this amendment gives citizens the right to

a. bear arms against the government.
b. establish a national religion.
c. influence their representatives’ decisions.
d. vote in elections.

listed the works which were

banned by the church=index librorum prohibitorum

questioned many tenets

of the catholic church=

martin luther’s

ninety-five

theses

an authoritative treatise

on witchcraft=mallets maleficarum

a set of meditation, prayer, and

contemplation exercises to

strengthen one’s relationship

with god=spiritual exercises

hope it ✔

every of the four river valley civilizations, religion played an enormous role in shaping and cultivating each civilization. this essay will briefly discuss how religion formed the river valley people’s government and view on geography. religion dictated how the peoples of the river valley civilizations managed government and geography.

            religious leaders played prominent roles in every river valley civilizations form of government. from ancient egypt and mesopotamia to china’s historic empire and the indus river valley, all the river valley civilizations had significant religious figures. in ancient egypt, the pharaoh was revered as a god and therefore was given his right as supreme governing authority in the eyes of the people. the elusive emperors of china gained there governing rights by a mandate of heaven creating long lines of dynasties until the common people of china felt the dynasty had lost the favor of the gods. chinese emperors were not only governing leaders but also the spiritual leaders of ancient china. mesopotamian and indus river valley priests were referred as has head officials who had vast amounts of authority in these two civilizations primitive forms of democracy. religion shaped the structure and social caste of the four river valley civilizations.

hope that