To what does the combination of internal struggles, external threats, weakened rulers, and popular dissent often lead?
a. the fall of empires
b. the expansion of empires
c. spread of religion
d. overseas voyages

john adams was the 2nd president of the united states.

explanation:

for hobos it was a very hard time most hid on the sides of the railroad tracks causing people to get bulls and get them off sometimes causing in fatal death they couldnt get people to give them money because the   people were also in need of money