The duke of york split new netherland into which of the following two colonies?

new york and new jersey
new york and pennsylvania
new york and maryland
new york and connecticut

The correct answer is "New York and New Jersey".  In 1664, James, the Duke of York, received control of New Netherlands which by honoring his own name, changed the name to New York. Also, he decided to split the land as a gift to to his friends, George  Carteret and John Berkeley, which acquired the control of the new land named New Jersey.

b. ensure mutual protection from communism.

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