What idea is the cartoonist expressing when he titled this political cartoon " rough sailing ahead " ?

The cartoonist who created the political cartoon "  Rough Sailing Ahead" was expressing his belief that the Articles of Confederation was too weak to be an effective form of government.

Further Explanation:

The Articles of Confederation was America's first government without British rule. This constitution was developed based on America's experience as colonists of Great Britain. This is one of the many reasons why this first constitution had a very weak central government. As shown in the cartoon, the federal government did not have the power to:

A) Enforce treaties (aka agreements).

B) Collect taxes- This made it extremely difficult to pay of their debt from the American Revolution.

C) Raise an army- This would become a problem when Daniel Shay and other farmers revolted against recently implemented taxes by their state governments. This was known as Shay's Rebellion.

These are just some of the many problems with the Articles of Confederation. This is why delegates from the 13 states met at the Constitutional Convention in order to fix the Articles of Confederation. After realizing that this was not a possibility, the delegates decided to get rid of the Articles of Confederation and create a brand new constitution. This lead s to the creation of the US Constitution we still possess today.

Learn More:

Information about the US Constitution -

Key Details:

Topic: American History, Constitutional History

Grade Level: 7-12

Keywords: Articles of Confederation, weaknesses, Constitutional Convention, US Constitution

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the alfred thayer mahan award for literary achievement is awarded each year by the navy league of the united states. the award is named for an american naval historian and theorist, rear admiral alfred thayer mahan, united states navy who, through his writing, provided stimulus and guidance to those who share in the defense of the nation. presented since 1957, "this award for literary achievement is awarded to a u.s. navy officer, u.s. marine corps officer, enlisted service member, or civilian who has made a notable literary contribution that has advanced the knowledge of the importance of sea power in the united states."[1]