Under which president were the 16th and 17th amendments passed?
a) theodore roosevelt
b) william taft
c) woodrow wilson
d) louis d. brandeis
e) eugene debs

The answer is B: William Taft.
I've collected a bit more details:
William Taft was the twenty-seventh President (1909-1013) and tenth Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (1921-1930). Taft was the only Chief Executive in the nation's history to serve first as President and then as Chief Justice. Thus, he became the only person in history to ever head two branches of the federal government -- the executive and the judicial.

I've learned those from my cousin's project ;)
I hope I helped you :)

B. marbury v madison