Why was it necessary to establish formal procedures for making agreements among or between states

in order to avoid any form of betrayal or deceipt, they need to set on rules to avoid loopholes or betrayal, it could also provide proof of the agreement and ensure that everything was done efficiently and without mistakes

well the fact it is basically a peninsula allowed trade to come from many places, thus allowing cultural diffusion to take place. india has seasonal monsoons that merchants travel back and forth from india using the monsoons wind patterns