Why were the Portuguese and the Spanish the first to establish a permanent presence in the East, Africa, the Caribbean and the South America? In other words, why the Portuguese and Spanish and not other powers such as the Germans, Italians, Ottomans, French or English? ​

the first action that caused many creek indians to turn against william mcintosh was when mcintosh a) supported the united states during the creek war of 1813–1814. b) attempted to stop the sale of creek land to the u.s. government. c) seized control of over 1,000 acres of land belonging to the creeks.

chemicals that are toxic to plants