Why did France and Great Britain follow a policy of appeasement before Sept. 1st 1939

Led to appeasement as the government knew in their current weak state the British military would have no chance of winning a war or protecting the country, making appeasement a safer option to avoid conflict.

during the 20th century, the role of the vice president has evolved into more of an executive branch position. now, the vice president is usually seen as an integral part of a president's administration and presides over the senate only on ceremonial occasions or when a tie-breaking vote may be needed.