HEY CAN ANYONE PLS ANSWER DIS RQ!!

11. D. Jerusalem

12. A. Christians and Muslims

13. C. the Pope

Explanation:

11. D. This was followed later in the year by the Council of Vermonter, during which Pope Urban II supported the Byzantine request for military assistance and also urged faithful Christians to undertake an armed pilgrimage to Jerusalem.

12. A. The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 and 1291. The bloody, violent and often ruthless conflicts propelled the status of European Christians, making them major players in the fight for land in the Middle East.

13. C. On November 27, 1095, Pope Urban II makes perhaps the most influential speech of the Middle Ages, giving rise to the Crusades by calling all Christians in Europe to war against Muslims in order to reclaim the Holy Land, with a cry of “Deus vult!” or “God wills it!”

i think its provide for the common defense

southern north america: yucatán peninsula in southern mexico extending into northern guatemala, and northern belize. these moist forests on the yucatán peninsula of south-eastern mexico are characterized by a tropical humid climate with little topographic relief.

explanation: