How can polling be misused?

Polling can be misused when pollster willingly bias their polls in order to obtain a particular result that was previously desired.

Explanation:

For example, suppose a pollster wants X candidate to come on top of the poll, and knows that population Y is more likely to vote for than candidate. If the pollster then polls a higher proportion of population Y than it should according to the data of the statistical universe as a whole, then the pollster would be biasing the poll in favor of candidate X. This would be a misuse of polling.

formulating the initial idea for the policy

answer is c.

answer: both considered peasants valued members of society.

explanation: the ancient chinese and indian empires were large asian empires that had the same problems with other big empires, they had to work hard and sometimes fight in order to keep them united, they both relied heavily on their capacity to trade and to send strange and rare items to europe, and had the father as the head of the house hold in both societies, but they didn´t considered pleasants as valued members of their society, they were the bottom of the social pyramid in both of their societies.