Before the 1050's how did the Muslim Empire treat Christians and Jews living or crossing through their lands?

Christians and Jews established co-ordial relationship after a long period of time and before that they used to pay protection tax for safety, employment and other facilities.

Explanation:

The non-Muslim groups comprising of Christians and Jews were meant to pay a special tax known as jizya which was meant to protect them. However, these groups were integrated into the societies and were offered equal employment in administrative, cultural, and scientific institutions. Later, they established relationship with caliphate and then negotiated for changes in policies that ensure more religious freedom to them. With further strengthening of relationship, churches and monasteries were constructed and repaired.

the authority to tax.