Fast pls How did Chinese citizens help the Doolittle Raiders?

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Doolittle Raid

THE RAIDERS IN CHINA

Valiant rescues on Chinese beaches, dangerous escapes from Japanese patrols, emergency surgery in a hardscrabble local hospital. Details about the Chinese side of the Doolittle Raiders’ story have emerged increasingly in recent years, due to recognition from the Beijing government, Chinese media, and aging residents with firsthand knowledge of the historic event.

In all, 15 of the 16 American crews that bombed Tokyo in April 1942 bailed out or crash-landed nearthe Chinese coast. Exhausted by flying up to 15 hours, and scattered over a vast area encompassing several provinces, most of the US airmen survived. But once on land they faced formidable challenges: unknown terrain, language difficulties, in some cases dire injuries – and above all the very real threat of capture by the Japanese.

The American pilots had to rely on the kindness of Chinese strangers, who provided many of them with shelter and food, tended their injuries and led survivors on perilous journeys to evade Japanese patrols. Most of the Americans reached safety and their ultimate destination of Chongqing (then called Chungking), the seat of the Chinese Nationalist government. There they were hailed as heroes by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and his glamorous wife Song Meiling.

Not all the Raiders survived. Two drowned after theircrash landings. One died after bailing out. Eight airmen were captured by Japanese soldiers. Of these, three were executed. One died in a POW camp. Four spent 40 months in Japanese captivity before being freed in August 1945.

Until recently, the story of the Doolittle Raiders focused largely on the U. S. pilots and their mission’s impact on America at war. But more and more Chinese have come forward to commemorate the Doolittle Raiders’ mission inrecent years. These efforts reached a climax in 2015, when Chinese President Xi Jinping made an historic state visit to the US. There he praised the American airmen of the Doolittle Raiders who’d aided China during WWII.

Shortly beforehand, the Chinese government had invited the last two surviving U. S. airmen who flew the mission, Col. Richard Cole and SSGT David Thatcher, to attend Beijing’s gala festivities marking the 70thanniversary of the end of the war, including an unprecedented Chinesemilitary parade. The two Raiders were unable to make the trip; Cole was just turning 100 while Thatcher was 94.However Thatcher’s son Jeff travelled toChina representing the Raiders as well as the Children of the Doolittle Raiders (CDR), of which Jeff is President. (SSGT Thatcher passed away in June 2016).

After participating in Beijing’s commemoration activities, Jeff flew to Zhejiang province to visit places where his father’s crew – crew #7 of the B-25 nicknamed the “Ruptured Duck” – spent time. His warm grassroots reception was testament to the deep reservoir of Chinese gratitude for the sacrifices made by the Doolittle Raiders.

Jeff visited the beach where his father had landed, accompanied by local Chinese historian Zheng Weiyong and Melinda Liu – a U. S. journalist whose late father Tung-Sheng Liu was an honorary member of the Doolittle Raiders because he’d helped and translated for a number of them, at great personal risk, in 1942. Some local Chinese had gathered around Jeff, many apparently familiar with the Raiders’ story thanks to a beachfront stone stele where the mission was explained in Chinese. An elderly woman ran home and then rushed back to present to Jeff a metal fragment that she said her husband had salvaged from the Ruptured Duck in 1942 – she gave it to Jeff, refusing remuneration and declaring, “His father helped China.”

Chinese civilians who aided the American flyers paid a terrible price, however, for helping the Raiders. In retaliation, Japan launched a three-month ground and air assault that included biological warfare agents unleashed on entire towns. Focused on areas in Zhejiang province (then Chekiang) where most of the US airmen had landed, the devastation was grim. Nationalist Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek sent a cable to the USA reporting that “Japanese troops slaughtered every man, woman and child in these areas.” His government estimated that up to 250,000 Chinese died.

Jeff also visited the Germ Warfare Museum in the Zhejiang city of Quzhou. There graphic photographs and rusted artifacts evoked the dark horrors of Japan’s wartime biological warefare campaign; some elderly Chinese near Quzhou still suffer from leg ulcers resulting from exposure to toxic biological agents.