Madison believes that in a nation with a large population, factions would have less power in a republican government because
a. the citizenry is too spread out to form factions
b. with a large population, factions could not gain overwhelming power
c. it's unlikely a majority of a large population would agree on issues
d. states have far smaller populations than the country as a whole

I believe the answer is: D. states have far smaller populations than the country as a whole

Factions is formed when a group of people in a certain area gather together to execute their own plan which might oppose the rule of the federal government. In a large population, the population is too spread out even if a factions if formed, it could easily be override by other population in different area.

the main objectives of the progressive movement were eliminating problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, immigration, and political corruption.