What does Turner mean when he says that American development has "exhibited advance along a single line, but a return to primitive conditions on a continually advancing frontier line"? How has this frontier line allowed Americans to "modify and develop" their European influences?

well this is going to be a long answer lol ok so the visigoths were a branch of the goths who frequently raided rome, uh the hunas attacked the guptas a lot and weakened them, uuhm of course the romans used math and science in there every day lives i mean they had a whole empire to run, and rome was split into east and west by a general named diocletian. hope this you! : )

the answer would be:

b. race

trumans defeat to eisenhower in the 1948 elections was due to trumans approach and handling of the cold war and the war in korea. trumans approach to communism during the cold war was the principle reason for his defeat. eisenhowers reputation and name as the supreme allied commander in europe during world war two and his campaign slogan that he ''would go to korea if elected'' won him the presidency.