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What do historians call the political,social,or cultural circumstances surrounding an event?

How was rockefeller able to build his monopoly across the oil industry? he found newer and cheaper ways to refine oil, increasing his profits. he confined his business to ohio so he could buy all the refineries there. he bought up oil refineries, cut costs, and reinvested his profits in other refineries. he began to sell kerosene as well as oil, expanding his market.

Concerns of the spanish treatment of what nation lead to the spanish american war