What does the word “party” mean in the article?

In 1517, the spanish friar bartolomé de las casas, disturbed by the suffering which spanish conquistadores had wrought on the native populations of america, became an important advocate of

In shifting to a defense policy based upon the concept of "flexible response," president kennedy was indicating that he had grave doubts about thevalue of which previous defense policy? a massive retaliationb collective securityc containmentd air power

What two things did former british prime minister winston churchill affirm in his iron curtain speech?