What does “checks and balances” mean?

Why was galileo galilei brought before the inquisition? for insisting that earth stands still at the center of the universe for proving that planets move in elliptical orbits for putting forth evidence that earth moves around the sun for suggesting that the sun is a star

What was the main reason british sued for peace in 1783

The easter rising was an uprising by a. the popular front b. british workers c. irish nationalists d. british fascists