John is a naturalized U. S. citizen. On his 19th birthday, he emailed the Virginia voter registration office asking to register to vote in an upcoming state election for governor. When John attempted to vote 7 months later he was told he could not vote. What mistake cost John his chance to vote?

John was not registered to vote because Virginia does not allow registration by email.

John could not vote because only native born citizens may vote.

John failed to register a year in advance of the election as required by Virginia law.

John could not vote because naturalized citizens may vote only in elections for President of the U. S.