When and why were public executions ended and what alternative punishments replaced the use of the death penalty?

Capital punishment was in 1998 abolished for treason and piracy with violence, making Britain fully abolitionist, both in practice and in law, and enabling ratification of the European Convention on Human Rights.

If the action was severe, like murder, or a beating, it would be classified as a death worthy sentence. Alternatives for the death sentence, are life in prison without parole, which means the person will stay in the prison, for all her life, until she/he dies. More examples of alternative for life in prison are Counseling and compensation for the surviving family members of homicide victims.

Cold case units to investigate and bring to justice the perpetrators of unsolved murder cases.Counseling and support groups to reduce child abuse and enhance parenting skills.Domestic violence prevention and protection programs.  Drug courts and substance abuse treatment programs.  Mental health courts and community-based mental health treatment programs.Restorative justice programs such as victim-offender mediation and facilitated dialogue. Early childhood education programs.

Offender re-entry support programs.

the answer would be:

b. race