What is a ruler's duty to his subjects

A ruler must punish the wicked, protect his subjects, provide for the livelihood of his subjects and ensure that his subjects did their duties.

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A ruler who is feared can retain power, while a ruler who is hated is less likely to do so. and to also follow the religion of their power base.

While raised among the nobility, the position both safeguarded the nobles and the peasants, soon joined by a middle class termed the bourgeoisie. In other words, representing the state, they were meant in their leadership role to safeguard the rights of all. This is a very different attitude. The earlier European monarchs regarded themselves as servants of their people, while later monarchs, influenced by the doctrine of Divine Right, became absolute rulers.