"...The replacement of the bourgeois by the proletarian state is impossible without a violent revolution. The abolition of the proletarian state, i. e., of all states, is only possible through 'withering away'..." -Vladimir I. Lenin, State and Revolution, 1917

This quote most clearly shows the influence of which of the following writers?

John Locke
Karl Marx
Charles Darwin
Adam Smith

if you are talking about current time the answer is no

if you are talking about when the colonies were developing the answer is yes

the answer is: must pay taxes on profits

since it is considered as a part of your income, profits from investments is eligible for tax payment.

the tax from your investment could be influenced by how long you decided to sell it. united states promotes keeping your investment for long term period. so, the tax rate for investments that you sell in less than one year is typically higher compared to investments that you sell in more than one year period.