Sir Robert Peel abolished almost all of the capital offences (those that carried the death penalty) and also began to reform prisons, as well as setting up the Metropolitan Police Force. Peel wanted to put the emphasis upon preventing crime, rather than punishing criminals.Gaols Act 1823 -Their reports in 1819 and 1822 provided the basis of the Gaols Act of 1823. This important measure, initiated by the Home Secretary, Robert Peel, marked the beginnings of government efforts to impose general standards in prisons across the whole country.     Robert Peel (1788 - 1850- In 1822, he become home secretary, and    introduced far-ranging criminal law and prison reform as well as creating the Metropolitan Police - the terms 'bobbies' and 'peelers' come from his name.7 key changes were made to prisons. As Home Secretary, Robert Peel persuaded Parliament to pass the 1823 Gaols Act. He later became home secretary in 1822 and introduced far-reaching criminal law and prison reform. Prisoners needed healthy conditions, with proper food, he got fresh water supply and adequate drainage. They should be separated into groups so hardened criminals were not mixing with first-time offenders. Gaolers (those in charge of the jail) should be paid so they would not need to make money from prisoners. Magistrates had a duty to visit prisons and check on them. Male and female prisoners were to be separated. Female prisoners would be watched over by female warders. Prisoners were not to be held in chains or irons. In addition, they should attend chapel and receive religious instruction from the chaplains.Although the Act only applied to around 130 prisons and was ignored in some, it was an important step in improving conditions and aimed to reform the prisoners.
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