1. What policy did Secretary of State John Hay advocate for all
nations in China, in September
of 1899?

It was The Open Door policy. The Open Door policy was a statement of principles initiated by the United States in 1899 and 1900. It called for protection of equal privileges for all countries trading with China and for the support of Chinese territorial and administrative integrity.

in 1989, tiananmen square in beijing was the site of china’s main industries. china’s government headquarters. -pro-democracy demonstrations. (second choice)

necessary and proper clause. the congress shall have power to all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of the united states, or in any department or officer thereof.