Which accurately describes the Columbian Exchange during the Age of Discovery? The Columbian Exchange was the exchange of prisoners between Columbus and natives in the Caribbean islands in order to maintain peace. The Columbian Exchange was the transfer of plants, animals, people, and diseases between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. The Columbian Exchange was a system of cultural sharing developed by Columbus and the natives on the island of Hispaniola. The Columbian Exchange was a lucrative trade network between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.