How did the battle of tours affect the spread of Islam? - It stopped Islam from spreading into Europe
- It presented Islam from spreading into Europe
- It allowed Islam to get a foothold in Italy & Asia Minor
- It contributed to the spread of Islam throughout Spain

At the Battle of Tours near Poitiers, France, Frankish leader Charles Martel, a Christian, defeats a large army of Spanish Moors, halting the Muslim advance into Western Europe. ... He expanded the Frankish territory under his control and in 732 repulsed an onslaught by the Muslims.

this is what i found online =p

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts