When Common Sense was published, many American merchants and businesses remained loyal to the king because they were afraid he would close American ports.
they wanted to keep collecting taxes on British goods.
they knew Americans would execute anyone who rebelled.
they wanted the British to defend them from French attacks..

necessary and proper clause. the congress shall have power to all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of the united states, or in any department or officer thereof.

i would need the graph to answer the question